John Watson Foster

John Watson Foster (1836-1917) was an American diplomat, military officer, lawyer, and journalist. He served as the 20th United States Secretary of State under President Benjamin Harrison from 1892 to 1893. He was also a prominent figure in the international law community and authored several books on the subject.

Early life and education

Foster was born in Petersburg, Indiana, on March 2, 1836. He graduated from Indiana University in 1855 and then attended Harvard Law School. After graduating from law school, Foster moved to Cincinnati, Ohio, where he practiced law until 1861.

Civil War service

When the Civil War broke out, Foster joined the Union Army and served as a major in the 11th Indiana Infantry. He fought in several battles, including the Battle of Shiloh and the Battle of Chickamauga. He was brevetted to colonel for his service.

Post-war career

After the war, Foster returned to Indiana and resumed his law practice. He also became active in Republican politics and was appointed Evansville Postmaster in 1869. In 1873, President Ulysses S. Grant appointed Foster as minister to Mexico. He served in that position until 1880.

Secretary of State

In 1892, President Benjamin Harrison appointed Foster as Secretary of State. In this role, he negotiated a treaty for the annexation of Hawaii, but the treaty was not ratified by the Senate. He also played a key role in resolving the Bering Sea controversy, which involved a dispute between the United States and Russia over fishing rights in the Bering Sea.

Later life and death

After leaving office, Foster returned to his law practice and continued to write on international law. He died in Washington, D.C., on November 15, 1917.

Principles

Foster was a strong advocate for international law and diplomacy. He believed that the best way to resolve international disputes was through peaceful means. He also believed that the United States should play a leading role in promoting international cooperation.

Notable works

Foster's most notable works include:

• A Digest of International Law (1887)
• The Practice of Diplomacy (1906)
• American Diplomacy in the Orient (1910)

Philosophy

Foster's philosophy of diplomacy was based on the principles of international law and cooperation. He believed that the United States should use its power and influence to promote peace and stability in the world. He also believed that the United States should work with other countries to solve common problems.

Legacy

John Watson Foster is remembered as a respected diplomat and international law scholar. He played a significant role in shaping American foreign policy during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. His work continues to be cited by scholars and practitioners of international law.