Immanuel Kant's "Zum ewigen Frieden" (Perpetual Peace) delves into the complex relationship between morality and international affairs. Kant argues that true peace cannot be achieved through mere chance or circumstance; instead, it requires conscious effort and adherence to a system of international law based on ethical principles. He advocates for a federation of republics, where each nation respects the sovereignty of others and submits to a universal law of reason. The essay explores the concept of perpetual peace, highlighting the need for institutions and mechanisms to ensure its realization. It critiques the nature of war, proposing a system of international arbitration and diplomacy to settle disputes. This seminal work offers a framework for understanding the ethical and political foundations of a peaceful world order.