
History of England from the Invasion of Julius Caesar to the Revolution of 1688, Volume 1C
by David Hume
'History of England from the Invasion of Julius Caesar to the Revolution of 1688, Volume 1C' Summary
He wrote of the Revolution: "By deciding many important questions in favour of liberty, and still more, by that great precedent of deposing one king, and establishing a new family, it gave such an ascendent to popular principles, as has put the nature of the English Constitution beyond all controversy". Thus Hume is at odds with those who argue that the British Constitution is entirely evolutionary, and did not emerge from a revolution, just like the later American and French Constitutions, and the earlier Dutch Constitution.
The source of this antinomian interpretation of British freedom can be traced in Hume's account of the revolutionary debates themselves. William of Orange had been invited to invade by a coalition of English Whigs and Tories. To placate the latter's maxim that "the throne was never vacant", or in modern parlance the monarch never dies, the fiction was agreed that King James would be said to have abdicated. It fell to the Scottish Parliamentary Convention, meeting a month after the English one: "in a bold and decisive vote", to declare "that king James, by his maladministration, and his abuse of power, had forfeited all title to the crown". Hume wanted to present the UK as having a modern constitution. He did not see it as something that stretched back seamlessly to Magna Carta or the laws of King Alfred.
The narrative ends with a parliamentary convention annexing to the settlement "a declaration of rights, where all the points, which had, of late years, been disputed between king and people, were finally determined; and the powers of the royal prerogative were more narrowly circumscribed and more exactly defined, than in any former period of the English government". In fact Britain has two declarations of right from this period. The Bill of Rights is (or was) the basic law of England, the Claim of Right that for Scotland.
There are important differences between these little studied declarations. Where the Bill of Rights states that the King cannot make laws without the consent of Parliament, the Claim of Right says that all assertions of a right to rule above the law are themselves against the law. The Bill of Rights was inspired by John Locke. Behind the Claim of Right can be detected the guiding hand of James Dalrymple, 1st Viscount of Stair 1619–1695. Hume studied law as a student at Edinburgh. He implies that he neglected this study. This must be taken with a pinch of salt. He may have wanted to avoid giving the lay reader the impression that he had written a history just for lawyers like William Blackstone. What is certain is that he names two of the founders of Roman Dutch law, Johannes Voet and Arnold Vinnius, in the same breath as Cicero and Virgil. Cicero was, of course, a lawyer. The standard work for a Scottish law student to study was, then as now, "Stair's Institutions of the laws of Scotland".
Hume names neither of the unamended constitutions of 1689. He wanted a new constitution for the United Kingdom to flesh out these outline declarations. He set out his proposals in the essay Idea of a Perfect Commonwealth, which is a reworking of The Commonwealth of Oceana by the 17th-century Rutland visionary James Harrington. Leaving the extent of the Commonwealth and the location of its capital undecided, Hume's highly devolved scheme was "to have all the advantages both of a great and a little Commonwealth". In some ways it resembles the model of Presbyterian church government. Hume was no theorist of an unwritten constitution.
Book Details
Language
EnglishOriginal Language
EnglishPublished In
1754Authors

David Hume
Scotland
David Hume was a Scottish Enlightenment philosopher, historian, economist, librarian and essayist, who is best known today for his highly influential system of philosophical empiricism, scepticism, an...
Books by David HumeDownload eBooks
Listen/Download Audiobook
- Select Speed
Related books

War and Peace, Book 16: First Epilogue 1813-1820 by Leo Tolstoy
War and Peace is an epic novel by Leo Tolstoy, first published from 1865 to 1869 in Russki Vestnik, which tells the story of Russian society during th...

Sowjet-Rußland im Umbau by Fritz Schotthöfer
In 'Sowjet-Rußland im Umbau', Fritz Schotthöfer, a journalist, provides an insightful account of his observations during a journey through Russia in 1...

The Rise and Fall of Prohibition by Charles Hanson Towne
The strange phenomenon of Prohibition, after an appearance amongst us of over three years, is still non-understandable to the majority of a great, and...

Life of Abraham Lincoln, Volume 1 by Ida M. Tarbell
This volume of Ida Tarbell's biography of Abraham Lincoln covers his life from his boyhood to his election to the presidency in 1860. Tarbell, a noted...

Perpetual Peace: A Philosophic Essay (Hastie Translation) by Immanuel Kant
This essay, written in 1795, puts forth a plan for a lasting peace between nations and peoples. Kant puts forth necessary means to any peace, and argu...

Morals (Moralia), Book 1 by Lucius Mestrius Plutarchus
The *Moralia*, a collection of essays and speeches by Plutarch, provides a rich tapestry of ancient Greek and Roman thought. These writings explore a...

Vindication Of The Rights Of Men, In A Letter To The Right Honourable Edmund Burke; Occasioned By His Reflections On The Revolution In France by Mary Wollstonecraft
A Vindication of the Rights of Men is a political treatise written by Mary Wollstonecraft in response to Edmund Burke's Reflections on the Revolution...

A History of Greece to the Death of Alexander the Great, Vol 2 by John Bagnell Bury
A History of Greece to the Death of Alexander the Great was first published in 1900. It went on to become a standard text in many colleges and was use...

Works of Mencius by Mencius
The *Works of Mencius*, a foundational text in Chinese philosophy, presents the teachings of Mencius (372-289 BC), a prominent figure in the Confucian...

The History of Rome and the Popes in the Middle Ages, Volume 1 by Hartmann Grisar
"The History of Rome and the Popes in the Middle Ages, Volume 1" by Hartmann Grisar takes you on a riveting journey through the complex and often myst...
Reviews for History of England from the Invasion of Julius Caesar to the Revolution of 1688, Volume 1C
No reviews posted or approved, yet...