'Later Middle Ages: A History of Western Europe 1254-1494' Summary

Robert Balmain Mowat's "Later Middle Ages" offers a comprehensive exploration of Western Europe from 1254 to 1494, a period marked by both political upheaval and cultural blossoming. The book begins with the decline of the Holy Roman Empire following the death of Frederick II, as Germany's feudal territories become increasingly independent. It then delves into the economic prosperity of Free Imperial Cities, both in Germany and Italy, which were centers of trade and commerce. The devastating impact of the Great Schism on the Catholic Church is analyzed, highlighting the complex theological and political debates that emerged from the split in the Papacy. The text further explores the rise of Spain as a major European power, the Ottoman conquest of Constantinople, and the cultural flourishing of the Renaissance, with a focus on the works and influence of Dante, Boccaccio, and Petrarch. The author also offers a detailed account of the Hundred Years' War, examining its causes, key battles, and lasting impact on the political landscape of Europe. Throughout the book, Mowat skillfully weaves together political, economic, social, and cultural threads to present a nuanced and engaging account of a pivotal era in European history.