Timeline
Title
Country/Nationality
Dante Alighieri
Dante is known for establishing the use of the vernacular in literature at a time when most poetry was written in Latin, making it accessible only to the most educated readers. His De vulgari eloquentia (On Eloquence in the Vernacular) was one of the first scholarly defenses of the vernacular. His use of the Tuscan dialect for works such as The New Life (1295) and Divine Comedy helped establish the modern-day standardized Italian language, and set a precedent that important later Italian writers such as Petrarch and Boccaccio would follow.
Dante was instrumental in establishing the literature of Italy, and his depictions of Hell, Purgatory and Heaven provided inspiration for the larger body of Western art.[9][10] He is cited as an influence on Geoffrey Chaucer, John Milton and Alfred Tennyson, among many others. In addition, the first use of the interlocking three-line rhyme scheme, or the terza rima, is attributed to him. He is described as the "father" of the Italian language, and in Italy he is often referred to as il Sommo Poeta ("the Supreme Poet"). Dante, Petrarch, and Boccaccio are also called the tre corone ("three crowns") of Italian literature.
Dante Alighieri probably baptized Durante di Alighiero degli Alighieri and often referred to simply as Dante (c. 1265 – 1321), was an Italian poet, writer and philosopher. His Divine Comedy, originally called Comedìa (modern Italian: Commedia) and later christened Divina by Giovanni Boccaccio, is widely considered the most important poem of the Middle Ages and the greatest literary work in the Italian language.
Dante's final days were spent in Ravenna, where he had been invited to stay in the city in 1318 by its prince, Guido II da Polenta. Dante died in Ravenna on 14 September 1321, aged 56, of quartan malaria contracted while returning from a diplomatic mission to the Republic of Venice. He was attended by his three children, and possibly by Gemma Donati, and by friends and admirers he had in the city. He was buried in Ravenna at the Church of San Pier Maggiore (later called Basilica di San Francesco). Bernardo Bembo, praetor of Venice, erected a tomb for him in 1483.
On the grave, a verse of Bernardo Canaccio, a friend of Dante, is dedicated to Florence:
parvi Florentia mater amoris Florence, mother of little love
Books by Dante Alighieri
The Divine Comedy
The Divine Comedy (Italian: Commedia, later christened “Divina” by Giovanni Boccaccio), written by Dante Alighieri between 1308 and his death in 1321, is widely considered the central epic poem of Italian literature, the last great work of literature...
La Divina Commedia
The Divine Comedy, originally Commedia, is a poem by Dante Alighieri, a masterpiece of the Florentine poet, considered the most important literary testimony of medieval civilization and one of the greatest works of universal literature. It is divide...
The New Life
La Vita Nuova or Vita Nova is a text by Dante Alighieri published in 1294. It is an expression of the medieval genre of courtly love in a prosimetrum style, a combination of both prose and verse.
Divina Comedia - Infierno
La Divina Comedia (también conocida como La Comedia) es un poema teológico escrito por Dante Alighieri. Se desconoce la fecha exacta en que fue escrito aunque las opiniones más reconocidas aseguran que el Infierno pudo ser compuesto entre 1304 y 1307...
göttliche Komödie - Die Hölle
Die Commedia, in späterer Zeit auch Divina Commedia („Göttliche Komödie“) genannt, ist das Hauptwerk des italienischen Dichters Dante Alighieri. Sie gilt als bedeutendste Dichtung der italienischen Literatur und als eines der größten Werke der Weltl...
göttliche Komödie - Das Fegefeuer
Die Commedia, in späterer Zeit auch Divina Commedia („Göttliche Komödie“) genannt, ist das Hauptwerk des italienischen Dichters Dante Alighieri. Sie gilt als bedeutendste Dichtung der italienischen Literatur und als eines der größten Werke der Weltli...
göttliche Komödie - Das Paradies
Die Commedia, in späterer Zeit auch Divina Commedia („Göttliche Komödie“) genannt, ist das Hauptwerk des italienischen Dichters Dante Alighieri. Sie gilt als bedeutendste Dichtung der italienischen Literatur und als eines der größten Werke der Weltli...
Divina Commedia - Il Purgatorio
Dante Alighieri racconta in questa opera il suo viaggio nei tre regni dell'oltre tomba. Il viaggio, avvenuto durante la settimana santa dell'anno 1300, inizia con lo smarrimento della corretta via e l'incontro della sua guida "Duca, Segnore, e Maestr...
Divina Commedia - L'Inferno
L'Inferno, la più conosciut delle tre parti della Divina Commedia, fu scritta mentre il poeta era esiliato dalla sua città di Firenze. Questa sezione del poema descrive il viaggio di Dante attraverso l'Inferno, guidato dal poeta Virgilio. È un viaggi...
New Life (La vita nuova)
One of Dante's earliest works, La vita nuova or La vita nova (The New Life) is in a prosimetrum style, a combination of prose and verse, and tells the story of his youthful love for Beatrice. The prose creates the illusion of narrative continuity bet...
Vita Nuova
In quella parte del libro della mia memoria dinanzi alla quale poco si potrebbe leggere, si trova una rubrica la quale dice Incipit Vita Nova. Sotto la quale rubrica io trovo scritte le parole le quali è mio intendimento d'asemplare in questo libello...
Convivio
Convivio (The Banquet) is a work written by Dante Alighieri roughly between 1304 and 1307. This unfinished work of Dante consists of four trattati, or "books": a prefatory one, plus three books that each include a canzone (long lyrical poem) and a pr...
Canzoniere
Le Rime (in English, The Rhymes) are the collection of lyric poems written by Dante Alighieri throughout his life. While the rest of Dante's works were prepared by himself for publication, these poems were written by him in letters, as parts of other...
Divina Comedia
A la mitad del viaje de nuestra vida, me encontré en una selva oscura por haberme apartado del camino recto. ¡Ah! ¡Cuan penoso me sería decir lo salvaje, áspera y espesa que era esta selva, cuyo recuerdo renueva mi temor! Era tan triste que la muerte...
Eclogae (Eclogues)
Dante's short correspondence in verse with Giovanni del Vergilio was only published in 1719, but is believed to have been written at some point in the last years of the poet's life. What we have are two poems by Dante and the answers by Iohannes (Gio...
Monarchia
The De Monarchia is one of the main works by Dante Alighieri. It is a treatise on secular and religious power, and more specifically on the relationship between secular authority (represented by the Holy Roman Emperor) and religious authority (repres...
Epistolae, the letters of Dante
This volume contains the thirteen letters of the poet Dante Alighieri translated from their original Latin, including the famous and controversial letter to his patron Cangrande della Scala. The letters provide a good deal of context for the reader o...
Rime
Le Rime sono una raccolta messa insieme e ordinata da moderni editori, che riunisce il complesso della produzione lirica dantesca dalle prove giovanili a quelle dell'età matura. Le rime giovanili comprendono componimenti che riflettono le varie tende...
Jerusalem to Revelations - A Quartet of Spiritual Explorations
A Four Quartets for the End of Time, these works stretch from the death and rebirth of a living land, England/Albion, to the death of the world as we know it in the Book of Revelations, going by way of a journey of the soul through death into salvati...
Divina commedia - Hel
Het doel van deze vertaling is den Nederlandschen lezer in kennis te stellen met den volledigen inhoud van Dante’s Gedicht. De vertaling is zooveel mogelijk woordelijk, kan dus ook als handleiding dienen bij het lezen en bestudeeren van den oorspronk...
De Vulgari Eloquentia
"De Vulgari Eloquentia" is a treatise by Dante Alighieri on the literary dignity and legitimacy of vernacular eloquence; it was written in Latin after the exile, between 1302 and 1305. The treatise was meant to consist of four books, but only the...
Divina Commedia - Il Paradiso
Il Paradiso è la terza e ultima cantica del poema di Dante, che dopo aver attraversato l'inferno e il purgatorio nelle due cantiche precedenti, giungerà ad attraversare i nove cieli che compongono il Paradiso, accompagnato da Beatrice fino ad arrivar...